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Physical Properties of Kainosite-(Y)
Cleavage:
{110} Good
Color:
Brown, Colorless, Green yellow, Yellow, Light yellow brown.
Density:
3.4 - 3.6, Average = 3.5
Diaphaneity:
Transparent to translucent
Fracture:
Brittle - Uneven - Very brittle fracture producing uneven fragments.
Habit:
Prismatic - Crystals Shaped like Slender Prisms (e.g. tourmaline).
Habit:
Wheat Sheaf - Bundle shaped aggregates resembling wheat sheafs after hand reaping wheat.
Hardness:
5-6 - Between Apatite and Orthoclase
Luminescence:
Non-fluorescent.
Luster:
Vitreous - Resinous
Streak:
white
Optical Properties of Kainosite-(Y)
Gladstone-Dale:
CI meas= 0.025 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= 0.025 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1941,KPDmeas= 0.1941,KC= 0.1992 Ncalc = 1.68 - 1.72
Optical Data:
Biaxial (-), a=1.662-1.665, b=1.682-1.689, g=1.687-1.692, bire=0.0250-0.0270, 2V(Calc)=38-52, 2V(Meas)=40. Dispersion strong, r < v.
Calculated Properties of Kainosite-(Y)
Electron Density:
Bulk Density (Electron Density)=3.37 gm/cc note: Specific Gravity of Kainosite-(Y) =3.50 gm/cc.
Fermion Index:
Fermion Index = 0.0083875316 Boson Index = 0.9916124684
Photoelectric:
PEKainosite-(Y) = 77.34 barns/electron U=PEKainosite-(Y) x relectron= 260.46 barns/cc.
Radioactivity:
GRapi = 10,825.85 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Concentration of Kainosite-(Y) per GRapi unit = 92.37 (PPM)
Kainosite-(Y) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.
Estimated Radioactivity from Kainosite-(Y) - weak
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *
Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)
Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)
Estimated Activity GR(api)
Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 8.17 cm
236,288
6.39E-06
10,825.85
3.56
100 gm / 3.79 cm
23,629
6.39E-07
1,082.58
0.36
10 gm / 1.76 cm
2,363
6.39E-08
108.26
0.04
1 gm / 8.17 mm
236
6.39E-09
10.83
0.00
0.1 gm / 3.79 mm
24
6.39E-10
1.08
0.00
0.01 gm / 1.76 mm
2
6.39E-11
0.11
0.00
0.001 gm / 0.82 mm
0
6.39E-12
0.01
0.00
Weight of pure Kainosite-(Y) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 3.50 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure (
360 mRem)
** Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Estimated Thorium Activity ( 0.53 % Th) From Sum REE Elements (10.55 % REE)
Chemical Formula: 
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- weak